What is Narrative Text and Example?
Pare Kampung Inggris – Tentunya Anda masih ingat dengan narrative text bukan? Ini adalah salah satu materi bahasa Inggris yang pernah dibahas dalam pendidikan SMA. Selain dijadikan sebagai media pembelajaran, teks tersebut seringkali dimasukkan ke dalam berbagai soal tes. Mulai dari tes TOEFL, ujian nasional, dan ujian sekolah.
What is Narrative Text
Apa itu Narrative text? Narrative text adalah salah satu jenis teks dalam bahasa Inggris yang menjelaskan tentang rangkaian kejadian lengkap beserta kronologinya yang saling berkaitan. Namun umumnya sifatnya tidak nyata, imajinatif dari penulisnya.
What is the purpose of narrative text
Tujuan dari narrative text adalah hanya untuk menghibur pembaca saja. Itulah kenapa teks ini cocok sekali untuk anak-anak dan orang dewasa. Karena tujuan penulisannya sama seperti recount text. Hanya saja yang membedakan adalah teks recount itu seputar kisah nyata, sedangkan narrative hanya khayalan dan imajinasi saja.
Generic Structure of Narrative Text
Ada 3 struktur umum narrative text yang perlu dipahami ketika ingin membuat teks ini. Berikut strukturnya, antara lain:
1. Orientation
Orientation terletak di paragraf awal, biasanya berupa pengenalan tokoh, serta latar yang ada dalam isi ceritanya. Latar yang dimaksud bisa berupa waktu cerita dan tempat kejadian ceritanya berlangsung.
2. Complication
Pada bagian complication ini menceritakan tentang awal mula terjadinya peristiwa atau masalah yang akan diceritakan. Mengingat sifatnya kronologis, sehingga saat masalahnya mulai muncul dari awal, maka ceritanya akan terus berlanjut menjadi sebuah rentetan cerita yang panjang.
Di mana di dalamnya berupa konfiks, klimaks, dan juga antiklimaks. Supaya lebih mudah memahaminya, simak penjelasannya tentang susunan complication di bawah ini:
Problem merupakan kalimat/ paragraf yang membahas tentang masalah cerita dalam
narasi.
- Conflict merupakan masalah yang lebih kompleks. Jadi setelah masalahnya muncul, ceritanya mulai berlanjut ke dalam konflik. Disini pembaca dibuat supaya semakin penasaran dengan apa yang terjadi dalam ceritanya.
- Climax merupakan puncak konflik yang disorot dalam teks naratif.
- Anticlimax merupakan penurunan konflik secara pelan-pelan.
- Solution merupakan solusi dari penyelesaian masalah yang diceritakan dalam teks naratif ini.
Sementara itu, complication sendiri dibagi menjadi 3 masalah. Yaitu natural (masalah antar semesta), social (masalah yang terjadi antar pelaku atau tokoh dalam cerita), dan juga psychological conflict (isinya adalah masalah dalam batin / diri sendiri).
3. Resolution
Resolution merupakan akhir cerita yang berisi kesimpulan. Jadi di dalamnya bisa berupa happy ending atau bahkan sad ending.
4. Re-orientation
Untuk struktur yang ini sifatnya tidak wajib. Namun biasanya di dalamnya menceritakan tentang bagaimana kondisi para tokoh dalam cerita untuk terakhir kalinya. Bisa pula membahas tentang pesan moral dan pelajaran yang bisa diambil dalam cerita untuk kehidupan nyata nantinya.
Contoh Narrative Text
Di bawah ini adalah beberapa contoh dari pembuatan narrative text, antara lain:
Contoh Narrative Text dalam Bahasa Inggris 1
Lion and Mouse
Orientation : Once upon a time, there was a lion sleeping in the forest. Suddenly there was a mouse up and down his body while running for fun. Of course this made the lion very angry because his sleep was disturbed and finally the lion began to wake up.
Complication : Because it made him angry, finally the lion wanted to eat the mouse. At that time, the mouse felt desperate and asked the lion to free him. “I promise to help you if you want to free me.” Hearing this, the lion immediately laughed and finally let him go. Once upon a time there were some hunters who started to come to the forest and took the lion. The lion was tied to a tree and finally he struggled and whimpered to get out.
Resolution :
Moments later, when the mouse passed him and saw the lion in trouble, he quickly helped the lion. He gnawed at the ropes so that the lion would be free. Finally the two fled into the forest together.
Contoh Narrative Text Terjemahan 1
Singa dan Tikus
Orientation : Suatu saat, ada seekor singa tidur di dalam hutan. Tiba-tiba ada seekor tikus naik turun tubuhnya sambil berlari untuk bersenang-senang. Tentu saja hal tersebut membuat singa sangat marah karena tidurnya terganggu dan akhirnya singa mulai bangun.
Complication : Karena membuatnya marah, akhirnya singa ingin memakan tikus. Saat itu, tikus merasa putus asa dan meminta singa supaya membebaskannya. “Saya berjanji akan membantumu bila mau membebaskan saya”. Mendengar hal tersebut, singa langsung tertawa dan akhirnya membiarkannya pergi.
Suatu ketika ada beberapa pemburu mulai datang ke hutan dan membawa singa tadi. Singa tersebut diikat di pohon dan akhirnya dia berjuang serta merintih untuk keluar.
Resolution : Beberapa saat kemudian, saat tikus melewatinya dan melihat singa kesulitan, maka dengan cepat dia membantu singa tersebut. Dia menggerogoti talinya supaya singa itu bebas. Akhirnya keduanya kabur ke dalam hutan bersama-sama.
Contoh Narrative Text dalam Bahasa Inggris 2
Greedy Lion
Orientation : One day when summer came, the lion was walking in the forest and was hungry. Then he started hunting in the forest and found a rabbit alone.
Complication : But instead of catching the rabbit who was alone, the lion released him. He said, “This little bunny can’t possibly satisfy my hunger”, mockingly. Then a deer passed by. Finally the lion decided to run to catch the deer behind him. But because the lion was weak and hungry, he couldn’t keep up with the deer’s running speed.
Resolution : Tired and hungry, the lion finally returned to hunting rabbits to satisfy his stomach. But unfortunately the rabbit is gone. Finally the lion just felt hungry and sad for a long time.
Contoh Narrative Text Terjemahan 2
Singa yang Serakah
Orientation : Suatu hari saat musim panas tiba, singa berjalan di hutan dan merasa lapar. Kemudian dia mulai berburu di hutan dan menemukan seekor kelinci sedang sendirian.
Complication : Tapi bukannya menangkap kelinci yang sedang sendirian itu, singa justru melepaskannya. Dia berkata, “kelinci kecil ini tidak mungkin bisa memuaskan lapar saya”, sambil mengejek. Lalu ada seekor rusa lewat. Akhirnya singa memutuskan untuk berlari menangkap rusa di belakangnya. Tapi karena singa sedang lemah dan kelaparan, akhirnya dia tidak bisa mengimbangi kecepatan berlari sang rusa.
Resolution : Lelah dan lapar, akhirnya singa kembali lagi berburu kelinci untuk memuaskan perutnya. Namun sayangnya kelincinya sudah hilang. Akhirnya singa hanya merasa lapar dan sedih dalam waktu yang lama.
Contoh Soal Narrative Text
Read the following text to answer questions number 1 to 3.
The farmer became very sad and came to the Emperor’s court. He described everything to the Emperor and asked for the justice. The Emperor called Birbal and handed over this case to him. Birbal called the man who sold the well to the farmer. Birbal asked, “Why don’t you let him use the water of the well. You have sold the well to the farmer.” The man replied, “Birbal, I have sold the well to the farmer, not the water. He has no right to draw the water from the well.”
Then Birbal smiled and said to him, “Good, but look, since you have sold the well to this farmer, and you claim that water is yours, then you have no right to keep your water in the farmer’s well. Either you pay rent to the farmer to keep your water in his well, or you take that out of his well immediately.”
The man understood, that his trick has failed. Birbal has outwitted him.
| 1. What is the text about? A. A farmer and witty birbal B. A smart man and a farmer C. An emperor and a witty birbal D. Farmer’s well and witty birbal E. A farmer and an emperor Jawaban: D. Farmer’s well and witty birbal |
| 2. Why didn’t the man let the farmer use the water from the well? A. Because the man needed the water for himself B. Because there was no water in the well C. Because the man obeyed what the emperor said D. Because water in the well was not included in the sales agreement they made before E. Because the man thought that he had sold the well but the water was not involved Jawaban: E. Because the man thought that he had sold the well but the water was not involved |
| 3. What is the moral value of the text? A. Stealing is not a good thing, you can always use your brain and ease out of the difficult situations. B. Don’t try to cheat because you will end up paying for it regardless of how smart you think you are. C. One who desires more, loses all. One should remain satisfied with what one gets D. There is no substitute for hard work because dreams cannot be fulfilled without hard work E. Do not just blindly walk in to anything without thinking Jawaban: B. Don’t try to cheat because you will end up paying for it regardless of how smart you think you are. |
Read the following text to answer questions number 4 to 6.
Just out of impulse, he let the slingshot fly which hit the duck square in the head and killed it. He was shocked and grieved. In a panic, he hid the dead duck in the pile of woods. Marie had seen it all from the window but she said nothing. After the lunch, the next day Grandma said, “Marie, let’s wash the dishes.” Marie said, “But Grandma, Sammy told me he wanted to help in the kitchen.”
Then she whispered to Sammy, “Remember the duck?” Sammy got nervous knowing his sister knew about the duck and if he doesn’t obey, she may tell his grandparents about it. So without saying anything he did the dishes.
Later that day, Grandpa asked if the children wanted to go fishing but Grandma said, “I’m sorry but I need Marie to help make a supper.” Marie just smiled and said, “Well that’s all right because Sammy told me he wanted to help.”
She whispered again to Johnny, “Remember the duck?” So Marie went fishing and Sammy stayed to help. After several days of Marie taking advantage of Sammy, he finally couldn’t stand it any longer. He came to Grandma and confessed that he had killed the duck.
Grandma knelt down, gave him a hug and said, “Sweetheart, I know. I was standing at the window and I saw the whole thing but because I love you, I forgave you. I was just wondering how long you would let Marie take advantage of you.”
| 4. What does the text mainly talk about? A. A little boy and a duck B. A little boy in a slingshot C. A reckless little boy D. A brave little boy E. A humble little boy Jawaban: B. A little boy in a slingshot |
| 5. Why didn’t Sammy tell to his grandmother that he had killed the duck? Because …. A. He was relieved that he could hit the target B. He waited for his sister tell his grandparents about it C. He was afraid of saying about the duck D. He did not want to tell about it E. He wanted to tell abouth the truth later Jawaban: C. He was afraid of saying about the duck |
| 6. What is the moral value of the story? A. Practice makes perfect B. What is bad in one case may be good in another C. Don’t trust people easily D. You should confess of your mistakes E. Keep going and do the best Jawaban: D. You should confess of your mistakes |
Read the following text to answer questions number 7 to 10.
“Who are you? What do you want?” asked a voice from inside the inn. “The door cannot be unlocked at such an odd hour.”
The traveler needed a rest, food and shelter. He begged, “ Please, unlock the door. How cold it is outside.”
The innkeeper replied,” it’s strange lock and can be opened only with a silver key.”
Because of his needs and the terrible condition outside, the traveler finally obeyed about what innkeeper said and passed a silver coin through a slit in the door. Then he got the door unlocked and entered into the inn.
“I have left one of my bags outside”said the traveler.” Will you please bring it in?”
No sooner the inkeeper had gone out and the traveler locked the door from inside. The greedy inkeeper was outside and shut on. He requested to unlock the door to the traveler.
The traveler replied, “ I’m helpless, it’s a strange lock and can be opened only with a silver key.”
The inkeeper was required to push a silver coin though the slit. The traveler got back his silver coin and unlock the door.
| 7. What is the story about? A. A traveler going to a distant town B. A wicked traveler and a helpless traveler C. A silver key which is used to unlock the door’s inn D. A greedy inkeeper and a smart traveler E. A traveler who came from a distant town Jawaban: D. A greedy inkeeper and a smart traveler |
| 8. It can be referred from the text that …. A. Inn was unlocked when the traveler came B. The innkeeper summoned the traveler to go inside because of his poor condition C. The traveler finally got back his silver coin from the inkeeper D. The traveler brought all of his bags inside E. The silver coin was given after the door opened Jawaban: C. The traveler finally got back his silver coin from the inkeeper |
| 9. What is the moral value of the story above? A. Revenge is a bad thing to apply in every condition B. We should prepare well when we travel C. Don’t underestimate to someone D. Smart person always beats greedy person E. We should avoid bribery in our life Jawaban: D. Smart person always beats greedy person |
| 10. The traveler finally obeyed about what innkeeper said and passed
a silver coin through a slit in the door…. his needs and the terrible
condition outside. A. Because B. Since C. As D. For E. Due to Jawaban: E. Due to |
Read the following text to answer questions number 11 to 13.
Meanwhile, at home, their stepmother was beginning to wish she had never tried to get rid of the children. “I must find them,” she said and set off into the forest.
Many hours later, when her feet were tired from walking and her lips were dry from thirst, she came to the cottage belonging to the witch. The stepmother peeped through the window. Her heart cried out when she saw the two children.
She picked up the broom leaning against the door and crept inside. The witch was putting some stew in the oven when the stepmother gave her an almighty push. The witch fell into the oven and the stepmother shut the door.
‘Children, I have come to save you,’ she said hugging them tightly. I have done a dreadful thing.
I hope in time you will forgive me. Let me take you home and become a family again. They returned to their home and the stepmother became the best mother anyone could wish to have, and of course they lived happily ever after!
| 11. The story is about…. A. Two children went to school for the first time B. A witch who is really kind C. A father who begged a witch for money D. A stepmother who saved her children from a witch E. Two children saved their stepmother from a witch Jawaban: D. A stepmother who saved her children from a witch |
| 12. Which statement is FALSE about the witch? A. She locked Hansel in a cage B. She planned to eat Hansel & Gretel C. She fell into the ocean D. She hated the children E. She set Gretel to clean the house Jawaban: C. She fell into the ocean |
| 13. “The witch fell into the oven and the stepmother shut the door.” (Paragraph 4) The underlined word can be replaced by the word… A. Marked B. Painted C. Opened D. Polished E. Closed |
Jawaban: E. Closed
Read the following text to answer questions number 14 and 15.
It was very, very smart. This parrot would say any word-except one. He would not say the name of the town where he was born. The name of the town was Catano.
The man tried to teach the parrot to say Catano. But the bird would not say the word. At first the man was very nice, but then he got angry. “You are a stupid bird! Why can’t you say the word? Say Catano, or I will kill you!” but the parrot would not say it. Then the man got to so angry that the shouted over and over, “Say Catano, or I’ll kill you!” but the bird wouldn’t talk.
One day after trying for many hours to make the bird say Catano, the man got very angry. He picked up the bird and threw him into the chicken house. “You are more stupid than the chickens. Soon I will eat them, and I will eat you, too.”
In the chicken house there are four old chickens. They were for Sunday’s dinner. The man put the parrot in the chicken house and left.
The next day the man came back to the chicken house. He opened the door and stopped. He was very surprised at what he saw!
He saw three dead chickens on the floor. The parrot was screaming at the fourth chicken, “Say Catano, or I’ll kill you!
| 14. Where does the story take place? A. Indonesia B. Brazil C. Puerto Rico D. New York E. Jepang Jawaban: C. Puerto Rico |
| 15. From the text we learn that… A. We have to follow others B. We have to respect pet owner C. We have to imitate others D. We are not allowed to force others E. We are not allowed to help others Jawaban: D. We are not allowed to force others |
Jadi itu tadi adalah penjelasan tentang apa yang dimaksud dengan teks narrative, struktur umum, dan beberapa contoh di dalamnya. Dengan memahaminya, tentunya ini cukup membantu Anda untuk membuat bagaimana cara membuat narrative text berbentuk fiktif seperti ulasan di atas dengan baik dan mudah. Bagaimana teman-teman semua, sudah mengerti apa itu narrative text? Tulis di kolom komentar ya guys..